Introduction:

The Sanskrit alphabet is organized by the vowels first and followed by the consonants, which are then grouped together to form the pronunciation.
In this blog, we will see how you can learn the Sanskrit alphabet easily.

The easiest way to learn the Sanskrit alphabet is by comparing it with the English language. In English, you do not know why C came after D and why do vowels and consonants work together. Well, when it comes to Sanskrit, vowels, and consonants are given separate places, and where separate science is involved in both of them.

Vowels are divided into 7 categories, where these categories are made on the basis of the airflow by organs of the body that create sound.

• Talaavya or palatal sound: 

It refers to the vowel, ईand इ, which refers to the roof of the tongue touching the mouth. So this is called a Palatal sound.

• Katya or Guttural sound: 

It refers to the sound, आ, and अ,  which refers to the sound formed at the back of the oral cavity.

• Murdhanya or Retroflex\cerebral: 

It refers to the vowel ऋand ॠ. Here the sound is made by the tip of the tongue when it rolls back.

• Oshtya or labial: 

This refers to the vowels उand ऊ. Here the sound is made by using the lips. So this is called Oshtya.

• Dantya or Dental: 

This refers to the vowel ऌ, which is produced when the tongue reaches the teeth.

• Kantoshtya or labia guttural: 

This refers to the sound of the vowel ओand औ, which is produced near the throat by the usage of the rounding of lips and produced near the throat.

• Kantataalavya or Palato Guttural: 

This sound is made by the vowels एand ऐ, which is made by the tip of the tongue and the palate.

In these ways, vowel sounds are produced in the Sanskrit Alphabet.

• Sanskrit consonants 

It is divided into Hard consonants, Soft consonants, and Nasal consonants. By using different parts of the mouth or throat that are used while pronouncing consonants are Gutturals, Palatals, Retroflexes, Dentals or Labials.

Mostly all Sanskrit words end in vowels, only a few words ending in consonants, but these consonants usually sound like the letter n or m. 

There are some words that end in consonants that follow certain rules such as if a word ends in a non-nasal consonant, its consonant becomes an unvoiced and unaspirated stop. The point of pronunciation is restricted, when pronouncing the hard palate, the soft palate is also used.

Consonants that are produced by stopping the airflow are called stop consonants. When pronouncing this, the airflow stops within the mouth, and there will be no air exits through the nose. Then the air is quickly released after stopping, this makes a sound. An example of this is the letter “k.”

• Conclusion

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